Response of yellow leaf virus and sugarcane bacilliform virus to eradication by tissue culture
| MSI00P3401 | |
| Parmessur, Y. Dookun, A. | |
| Response of yellow leaf virus and sugarcane bacilliform virus to eradication by tissue culture | |
| 6th ISSCT Sugarcane Pathology Workshop, Thailand, July 16-23, 2000 | |
| Conference paper | |
| 2000 | |
| Yellow leaf syndrome (YLS) is a disease recently reported in sugarcane. Apart from a phytoplasma, a luteovirus named sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) residing in the phloem of infected canes, have been associated with the disease. The elimination of the virus by tissue culture was investigated in two highly susceptible commercial varieties, M 695/69 and M 1658/78. Detection of the virus was carried out by RT-PCR using primer pair YLS 462 and YLS 111. From each variety, twenty infected canes were selected for in vitro culture. Meristem tip, axillary bud and young leaf rolls were used as explants. Out of 14 plantlets regenerated from meristem tip, nine (64 per cent) were freed from the virus as compared to only 6 per cent in plantlets regenerated from axillary bud. Leaf rolls were differentiated into callus and subcultured at monthly intervals over a period of five months. Plantlets were regenerated at each subculture and tested for ScYLV. All plants regenerated from the very first subculture were freed from the virus. ScYLV was also eliminated from seven noble canes, Saccharum officinarum; M 13/18, M 27/16, M 68/33, M 168/33, M 171/30, M 1182/55 and MB 009/72. For variety M 168/33, ScYLV-freed plantlets regenerated from meristem tip, axillary bud and callus were potted in the glasshouse and indexed at monthly intervals. After three months, no virus could be detected in all plants, thus confirming elimination of the pathogen by tissue culture. The elimination of sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) was also investigated by treatment with the antiviral agent, ribavirin. Meristem, micromeristem and apical bud of ten varieties were cultured in vitro on tissue culture medium containing ribavirin (10-30 mg/l). Newly developed adventitious shoots were subcultured at 2-4 weeks interval. After ten subcultures, all plantlets still remained infected with SCBV as detected by PCR using primers SCBVF5 and SCBV R5. Callus culture also failed to eliminate SCBV. These results indicate that in contrast to SCBV, ScYLV could be eliminated from infected material. Although callus culture gave the highest level of success, the method should be treated with caution owing to possible somaclonal variation. | |
| 01-08-2000 | |
| En | |
| Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius | |
| Biotech |